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1 #+title: Simulated Sense of Touch
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2 #+author: Robert McIntyre
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3 #+email: rlm@mit.edu
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4 #+description: Simulated touch for AI research using JMonkeyEngine and clojure.
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5 #+keywords: simulation, tactile sense, jMonkeyEngine3, clojure
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6 #+SETUPFILE: ../../aurellem/org/setup.org
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7 #+INCLUDE: ../../aurellem/org/level-0.org
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8
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9 * Touch
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10
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11 Touch is critical to navigation and spatial reasoning and as such I
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12 need a simulated version of it to give to my AI creatures.
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13
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14 #+name: skin-main
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15 #+begin_src clojure
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16 (in-ns 'cortex.touch)
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17
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18 (defn triangles
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19 "Return a sequence of all the Triangles which compose a given
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20 Geometry."
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21 [#^Geometry geom]
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22 (let
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23 [mesh (.getMesh geom)
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24 triangles (transient [])]
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25 (dorun
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26 (for [n (range (.getTriangleCount mesh))]
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27 (let [tri (Triangle.)]
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28 (.getTriangle mesh n tri)
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29 ;; (.calculateNormal tri)
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30 ;; (.calculateCenter tri)
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31 (conj! triangles tri))))
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32 (persistent! triangles)))
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33
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34 (defn get-ray-origin
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35 "Return the origin which a Ray would have to have to be in the exact
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36 center of a particular Triangle in the Geometry in World
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37 Coordinates."
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38 [geom tri]
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39 (let [new (Vector3f.)]
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40 (.calculateCenter tri)
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41 (.localToWorld geom (.getCenter tri) new) new))
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42
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43 (defn get-ray-direction
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44 "Return the direction which a Ray would have to have to be to point
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45 normal to the Triangle, in coordinates relative to the center of the
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46 Triangle."
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47 [geom tri]
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48 (let [n+c (Vector3f.)]
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49 (.calculateNormal tri)
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50 (.calculateCenter tri)
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51 (.localToWorld
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52 geom
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53 (.add (.getCenter tri) (.getNormal tri)) n+c)
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54 (.subtract n+c (get-ray-origin geom tri))))
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55
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56 ;; Every Mesh has many triangles, each with its own index.
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57 ;; Every vertex has its own index as well.
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58
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59 (defn tactile-sensor-profile
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60 "Return the touch-sensor distribution image in BufferedImage format,
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61 or nil if it does not exist."
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62 [#^Geometry obj]
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63 (if-let [image-path (meta-data obj "touch")]
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64 (load-image image-path)))
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65
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66 (defn mesh-triangle
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67 "Get the triangle specified by triangle-index from the mesh within
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68 bounds."
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69 [#^Mesh mesh triangle-index]
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70 (let [scratch (Triangle.)]
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71 (.getTriangle mesh triangle-index scratch)
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72 scratch))
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73
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74 (defn triangle-vertex-indices
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75 "Get the triangle vertex indices of a given triangle from a given
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76 mesh."
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77 [#^Mesh mesh triangle-index]
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78 (let [indices (int-array 3)]
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79 (.getTriangle mesh triangle-index indices)
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80 (vec indices)))
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81
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82 (defn vertex-UV-coord
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83 "Get the UV-coordinates of the vertex named by vertex-index"
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84 [#^Mesh mesh vertex-index]
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85 (let [UV-buffer
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86 (.getData
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87 (.getBuffer
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88 mesh
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89 VertexBuffer$Type/TexCoord))]
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90 [(.get UV-buffer (* vertex-index 2))
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91 (.get UV-buffer (+ 1 (* vertex-index 2)))]))
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92
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93 (defn triangle-UV-coord
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94 "Get the UV-cooridnates of the triangle's verticies."
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95 [#^Mesh mesh width height triangle-index]
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96 (map (fn [[u v]] (vector (* width u) (* height v)))
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97 (map (partial vertex-UV-coord mesh)
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98 (triangle-vertex-indices mesh triangle-index))))
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99
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100 (defn same-side?
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101 "Given the points p1 and p2 and the reference point ref, is point p
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102 on the same side of the line that goes through p1 and p2 as ref is?"
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103 [p1 p2 ref p]
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104 (<=
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105 0
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106 (.dot
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107 (.cross (.subtract p2 p1) (.subtract p p1))
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108 (.cross (.subtract p2 p1) (.subtract ref p1)))))
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109
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110 (defn triangle-seq [#^Triangle tri]
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111 [(.get1 tri) (.get2 tri) (.get3 tri)])
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112
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113 (defn vector3f-seq [#^Vector3f v]
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114 [(.getX v) (.getY v) (.getZ v)])
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115
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116 (defn inside-triangle?
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117 "Is the point inside the triangle?"
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118 {:author "Dylan Holmes"}
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119 [#^Triangle tri #^Vector3f p]
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120 (let [[vert-1 vert-2 vert-3] (triangle-seq tri)]
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121 (and
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122 (same-side? vert-1 vert-2 vert-3 p)
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123 (same-side? vert-2 vert-3 vert-1 p)
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124 (same-side? vert-3 vert-1 vert-2 p))))
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125
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126 (defn triangle->matrix4f
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127 "Converts the triangle into a 4x4 matrix: The first three columns
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128 contain the vertices of the triangle; the last contains the unit
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129 normal of the triangle. The bottom row is filled with 1s."
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130 [#^Triangle t]
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131 (let [mat (Matrix4f.)
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132 [vert-1 vert-2 vert-3]
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133 ((comp vec map) #(.get t %) (range 3))
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134 unit-normal (do (.calculateNormal t)(.getNormal t))
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135 vertices [vert-1 vert-2 vert-3 unit-normal]]
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136 (dorun
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137 (for [row (range 4) col (range 3)]
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138 (do
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139 (.set mat col row (.get (vertices row)col))
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140 (.set mat 3 row 1))))
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141 mat))
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142
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143 (defn triangle-transformation
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144 "Returns the affine transformation that converts each vertex in the
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145 first triangle into the corresponding vertex in the second
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146 triangle."
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147 [#^Triangle tri-1 #^Triangle tri-2]
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148 (.mult
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149 (triangle->matrix4f tri-2)
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150 (.invert (triangle->matrix4f tri-1))))
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151
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152 (defn point->vector2f [[u v]]
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153 (Vector2f. u v))
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154
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155 (defn vector2f->vector3f [v]
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156 (Vector3f. (.getX v) (.getY v) 0))
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157
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158 (defn map-triangle [f #^Triangle tri]
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159 (Triangle.
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160 (f 0 (.get1 tri))
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161 (f 1 (.get2 tri))
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162 (f 2 (.get3 tri))))
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163
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164 (defn points->triangle
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165 "Convert a list of points into a triangle."
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166 [points]
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167 (apply #(Triangle. %1 %2 %3)
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168 (map (fn [point]
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169 (let [point (vec point)]
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170 (Vector3f. (get point 0 0)
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171 (get point 1 0)
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172 (get point 2 0))))
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173 (take 3 points))))
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174
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175 (defn convex-bounds
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176 "Returns the smallest square containing the given vertices, as a
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177 vector of integers [left top width height]."
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178 [uv-verts]
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179 (let [xs (map first uv-verts)
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180 ys (map second uv-verts)
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181 x0 (Math/floor (apply min xs))
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182 y0 (Math/floor (apply min ys))
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183 x1 (Math/ceil (apply max xs))
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184 y1 (Math/ceil (apply max ys))]
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185 [x0 y0 (- x1 x0) (- y1 y0)]))
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186
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187 (defn sensors-in-triangle
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188 "Locate the touch sensors in the triangle, returning a map of their
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189 UV and geometry-relative coordinates."
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190 [image mesh tri-index]
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191 (let [width (.getWidth image)
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192 height (.getHeight image)
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193 UV-vertex-coords (triangle-UV-coord mesh width height tri-index)
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194 bounds (convex-bounds UV-vertex-coords)
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195
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196 cutout-triangle (points->triangle UV-vertex-coords)
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197 UV-sensor-coords
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198 (filter (comp (partial inside-triangle? cutout-triangle)
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199 (fn [[u v]] (Vector3f. u v 0)))
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200 (white-coordinates image bounds))
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201 UV->geometry (triangle-transformation
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202 cutout-triangle
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203 (mesh-triangle mesh tri-index))
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204 geometry-sensor-coords
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205 (map (fn [[u v]] (.mult UV->geometry (Vector3f. u v 0)))
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206 UV-sensor-coords)]
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207 {:UV UV-sensor-coords :geometry geometry-sensor-coords}))
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208
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209 (defn-memo locate-feelers
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210 "Search the geometry's tactile UV profile for touch sensors,
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211 returning their positions in geometry-relative coordinates."
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212 [#^Geometry geo]
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213 (let [mesh (.getMesh geo)
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214 num-triangles (.getTriangleCount mesh)]
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215 (if-let [image (tactile-sensor-profile geo)]
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216 (map
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217 (partial sensors-in-triangle image mesh)
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218 (range num-triangles))
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219 (repeat (.getTriangleCount mesh) {:UV nil :geometry nil}))))
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220
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221 (defn-memo touch-topology
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222 "Return a sequence of vectors of the form [x y] describing the
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223 \"topology\" of the tactile sensors. Points that are close together
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224 in the touch-topology are generally close together in the simulation."
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225 [#^Gemoetry geo]
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226 (vec (collapse (reduce concat (map :UV (locate-feelers geo))))))
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227
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228 (defn-memo feeler-coordinates
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229 "The location of the touch sensors in world-space coordinates."
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230 [#^Geometry geo]
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231 (vec (map :geometry (locate-feelers geo))))
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232
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233 (defn touch-fn
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234 "Returns a function which returns tactile sensory data when called
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235 inside a running simulation."
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236 [#^Geometry geo]
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237 (let [feeler-coords (feeler-coordinates geo)
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238 tris (triangles geo)
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239 limit 0.1
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240 ;;results (CollisionResults.)
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241 ]
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242 (if (empty? (touch-topology geo))
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243 nil
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244 (fn [node]
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245 (let [sensor-origins
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246 (map
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247 #(map (partial local-to-world geo) %)
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248 feeler-coords)
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249 triangle-normals
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250 (map (partial get-ray-direction geo)
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251 tris)
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252 rays
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253 (flatten
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254 (map (fn [origins norm]
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255 (map #(doto (Ray. % norm)
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256 (.setLimit limit)) origins))
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257 sensor-origins triangle-normals))]
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258 (vector
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259 (touch-topology geo)
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260 (vec
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261 (for [ray rays]
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262 (do
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263 (let [results (CollisionResults.)]
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264 (.collideWith node ray results)
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265 (let [touch-objects
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266 (filter #(not (= geo (.getGeometry %)))
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267 results)]
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268 (- 255
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269 (if (empty? touch-objects) 255
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270 (rem
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271 (int
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272 (* 255 (/ (.getDistance
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273 (first touch-objects)) limit)))
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274 256))))))))))))))
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275
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276 (defn touch!
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277 "Endow the creature with the sense of touch. Returns a sequence of
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278 functions, one for each body part with a tactile-sensor-proile,
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279 each of which when called returns sensory data for that body part."
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280 [#^Node creature]
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281 (filter
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282 (comp not nil?)
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283 (map touch-fn
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284 (filter #(isa? (class %) Geometry)
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285 (node-seq creature)))))
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286
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287 (defn view-touch
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rlm@189
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288 "Creates a function which accepts a list of touch sensor-data and
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289 displays each element to the screen."
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290 []
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291 (view-sense
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rlm@187
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292 (fn
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293 [[coords sensor-data]]
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294 (let [image (points->image coords)]
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rlm@187
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295 (dorun
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296 (for [i (range (count coords))]
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297 (.setRGB image ((coords i) 0) ((coords i) 1)
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298 (gray (sensor-data i)))))
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299 image))))
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300 #+end_src
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301
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rlm@226
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302 * Headers
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303 #+begin_src clojure
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rlm@226
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304 (ns cortex.touch
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305 "Simulate the sense of touch in jMonkeyEngine3. Enables any Geometry
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306 to be outfitted with touch sensors with density determined by a UV
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307 image. In this way a Geometry can know what parts of itself are
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308 touching nearby objects. Reads specially prepared blender files to
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309 construct this sense automatically."
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rlm@226
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310 {:author "Robert McIntyre"}
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rlm@226
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311 (:use (cortex world util sense))
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rlm@226
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312 (:use clojure.contrib.def)
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rlm@226
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313 (:import (com.jme3.scene Geometry Node Mesh))
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rlm@226
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314 (:import com.jme3.collision.CollisionResults)
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rlm@226
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315 (:import com.jme3.scene.VertexBuffer$Type)
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rlm@226
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316 (:import (com.jme3.math Triangle Vector3f Vector2f Ray Matrix4f)))
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rlm@226
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317 #+end_src
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rlm@37
|
318
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rlm@226
|
319 * COMMENT Code Generation
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rlm@39
|
320 #+begin_src clojure :tangle ../src/cortex/touch.clj
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rlm@0
|
321 <<skin-main>>
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rlm@0
|
322 #+end_src
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rlm@0
|
323
|
|
rlm@68
|
324 #+begin_src clojure :tangle ../src/cortex/test/touch.clj
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rlm@39
|
325 #+end_src
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|
rlm@39
|
326
|
|
rlm@0
|
327
|
|
rlm@0
|
328
|
|
rlm@0
|
329
|
|
rlm@32
|
330
|
|
rlm@32
|
331
|
|
rlm@226
|
332
|
